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Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and represents 7-10% of all diagnosed malignancies.
Tests generally appear in the order most useful for common clinical situations
| Test name: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone |
| ARUP #: 0070145 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Electrochemiluminescent Immunoassay |
| Use: Establish presence of hypo- or hyperthyroidism Assess and monitor thyroid status Functional sensitivity of assay is <0.02 mU/L |
| Follow-up: If elevated or depressed, order free T4 or total T4 |
| Test name: Thyroxine, Free (Free T4) |
| ARUP #: 0070138 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Electrochemiluminescent Immunoassay |
| Use: Establish presence of hypo- or hyperthyroidism Assess and monitor thyroid status |
| Test name: Thyroglobulin, Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) |
| ARUP #: 0020753 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay |
| Use: Aid in confirming the presence or absence of malignancy |
| Test name: Parathyroid Hormone, Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) |
| ARUP #: 2001491 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Electrochemiluminescent Immunoassay |
| Use: Aid in differentiating inadvertently sampled parathyroid tissue from thyroid tissue |
| Test name: Thyroglobulin, Serum or Plasma |
| ARUP #: 0070421 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay |
| Use: Monitor residual papillary and follicular thyroid cancer after treatment |
| Limitations: Thyroglobulin antibodies (anti-TG) are known to interfere with measurement of thyroglobulin In the presence of anti-TG, thyroglobulin results should be interpreted with caution Results obtained with different assay methods or kits cannot be used interchangeably TG result, regardless of concentration, should not be interpreted as absolute evidence for the presence or absence of papillary or follicular thyroid cancer and is not recommended for use as a screening procedure to detect presence of cancer in general population |
| Test name: BRAF codon 600 Mutation Detection by Pyrosequencing |
| ARUP #: 2002498 |
| Methodology: Polymerase Chain Reaction/Pyrosequencing |
| Use: Aid in diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer May be useful for prognostication purposes in papillary thyroid cancers Presence associated with resistance to conventional radioactive therapy Independent predictor of aggressiveness of tumor |
| Test name: Calcitonin |
| ARUP #: 0070006 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay |
| Use: Confirm diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) Screen for MTC in family members Monitor residual tumors after treatment |
| Limitations: Elevated basal calcitonin levels that are unresponsive to stimulating tests are found in patients with disorders other than MTC |
| Test name: Calcitonin by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2003481 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |
| Test name: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2), RET Gene Mutations by Sequencing |
| ARUP #: 0051390 |
| Methodology: Polymerase Chain Reaction/Sequencing |
| Use: Confirm multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 (MEN 2) familial syndromes |
| Follow-up: Fine needle aspiration of thyroid |
| Test name: Chromogranin A by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2003830 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |
| Test name: Cytokeratin 19 (CK 19) by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2003845 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |
| Test name: HBME-1 (Mesothelial Cell) by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2003914 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |
| Test name: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2004118 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |
| Test name: Thyroglobulin by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2004145 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |
| Test name: Thyroid Transcription Factor (TTF-1) by Immunohistochemistry |
| ARUP #: 2004166 |
| Methodology: Immunohistochemistry |
| Use: Aid in histologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer Stained and returned to client pathologist for interpretation; consultation available if needed |