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Autoimmune neuropathies can be acute or chronic and can involve axonal degeneration and/or demyelination.
Autoimmune neuropathy classifications
Tests generally appear in the order most useful for common clinical situations
| Test name: CBC with Platelet Count & Automated Differential |
| ARUP #: 0040003 |
| Methodology: Automated Cell Count with Flow Cell Differential |
| Use: Use to rule out obvious infectious cause or metabolic derangement |
| Test name: Sedimentation Rate, Westergren (ESR) |
| ARUP #: 0040325 |
| Methodology: Westergren |
| Use: Use to rule out obvious infectious cause or metabolic derangement |
| Test name: Electrolyte Panel |
| ARUP #: 0020410 |
| Methodology: Quantitative Ion-Selective Electrode/Enzymatic |
| Use: Use to rule out obvious infectious cause or metabolic derangement |
| Test name: Glucose, CSF |
| ARUP #: 0020515 |
| Methodology: Enzymatic |
| Use: Use to rule out meningitis |
| Test name: Protein, Total, CSF |
| ARUP #: 0020514 |
| Methodology: Reflectance Spectrophotometry |
| Use: Use to rule out meningitis |
| Test name: Cell Count, CSF |
| ARUP #: 0095018 |
| Methodology: Cell Count/Differential |
| Use: Use to rule out meningitis |
| Test name: CSF Bacterial Culture (Includes Gram Stain 0060101) |
| ARUP #: 0060106 |
| Methodology: Standard reference procedures for bacterial stain, aerobic culture, and identification |
| Use: Use to rule out meningitis |
| Test name: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody with Reflex to Titer & MPO/PR-3 Antibodies |
| ARUP #: 2002068 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Indirect Fluorescent Antibody/Semi-Quantitative Multi-Analyte Fluorescent Detection |
| Use: Differentially diagnose systemic vasculitic syndromes such as
|
| Test name: Campylobacter jejuni Antibody, IgG |
| ARUP #: 0098841 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Indirect Fluorescent Antibody |
| Use: Use if patient presents with diarrheal illness |
| Test name: Myelin Associated Glycoprotein (MAG) Antibodies, IgM & Sulfate-3-Glucuronyl Paragloboside (SGPG) Antibodies, IgM |
| ARUP #: 2004412 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Use: Aid in the diagnosis of neuropathy involving nerve demyelination Aid in evaluating patient for neurological disorders (eg, lower motor neuron syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), other multifocal neuropathies, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with central nervous system involvement) |
| Test name: Ganglioside (Asialo-GM1, GM1, GM2, GD1a, GD1b, and GQ1b) Antibodies |
| ARUP #: 0051033 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Use: Use as general screen for patients with neuropathy Aid in monitoring changes in antibody levels before, during and after treatment Aid in evaluating patient for neurological disorders (eg, lower motor neuron syndrome, ALS, MS, other multifocal neuropathies, SLE with central nervous system involvement) |
| Limitations: Role of isolated anti-GM2 antibodies unknown Test by itself not diagnostic; should be used in conjunction with other clinical parameters to confirm disease |
| Test name: Ganglioside (GM1) Antibodies, IgG and IgM |
| ARUP #: 0050591 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Use: Use as general screen for patients with neuropathy Aid in monitoring changes in antibody levels before, during and after treatment Aid in evaluating patient for neurological disorders (eg, lower motor neuron syndrome, ALS, MS, other multifocal neuropathies, SLE with central nervous system involvement) |
| Limitations: Antibodies may also be found in patients with diverse connective tissue diseases as well as in healthy individuals Test by itself not diagnostic; should be used in conjunction with other clinical parameters to confirm disease |
| Test name: Ganglioside (GM1, GD1b, and GQ1b) Antibodies, IgG and IgM |
| ARUP #: 2004998 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Use: Use as general screen for patients with neuropathy Aid in monitoring changes in antibody levels before, during and after treatment Aid in evaluating patient for neurological disorders (eg, lower motor neuron syndrome, ALS, MS, other multifocal neuropathies, SLE with central nervous system involvement) |
| Test name: Motor & Sensory Neuropathy Evaluation with Immunofixation Electrophoresis & Reflex to ANNA Titer & ANNA Immunoblot |
| ARUP #: 0051223 |
| Methodology: Refer to individual components |
| Use: Use as general screen for neuropathy |
| Test name: Motor & Sensory Neuropathy Evaluation with Reflex to ANNA Titer & ANNA Immunoblot |
| ARUP #: 0051224 |
| Methodology: Refer to individual components |
| Use: Use as general screen for neuropathy |
| Test name: Mycoplasma pneumoniae by PCR |
| ARUP #: 0060256 |
| Methodology: Qualitative Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Use: Order if patient presents with recent upper respiratory infection Distinguish M. pneumoniae from other viruses and atypical pathogens (Chlamydia pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis and Legionella) |
| Test name: Infectious Mononucleosis Slide Test by LA |
| ARUP #: 0050385 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Latex Agglutination |
| Use: Order if patient presents with recent upper respiratory infection Initial test to confirm infectious mononucleosis or recent EBV infection (Monospot test) |
| Test name: Cytomegalovirus Rapid Culture |
| ARUP #: 0065004 |
| Methodology: Cell Culture/Immunofluorescence |
| Use: Order if patient presents with recent upper respiratory infection Gold standard test for tissue High sensitivity and specificity |
| Test name: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Types 1 and 2 (HIV-1, HIV-2) Antibodies with Reflex to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Antibody Confirmation by Western Blot |
| ARUP #: 2005377 |
| Methodology: Qualitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay/Qualitative Western Blot |
| Use: Screen for presence of HIV infection Screen for antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 |
| Test name: Hepatitis Panel, Acute with Reflex to HBsAg Confirmation |
| ARUP #: 0020457 |
| Methodology: Qualitative Chemiluminescent Immunoassay/Qualitative Enzyme Immunoassay |
| Use: Order when patient has had clinical acute hepatitis of unknown origin for less than 6 months Panel includes HAV IgM, HBV core antibody IgM, HBV surface antigen, HCV antibody Positive HAV IgM shows current or recent infection with 98% sensitivity and specificity |
| Test name: Acetylcholine Receptor Blocking Antibody |
| ARUP #: 0099580 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Radioreceptor Assay |
| Use: Use to rule out myasthenia gravis if ocular symptoms consistent with MG are present |
| Test name: Motor Neuropathy Panel |
| ARUP #: 0051225 |
| Methodology: Refer to individual components |
| Comments: |
| Test name: Sensory Neuropathy Antibody Panel with Reflex to PCCA Titer, ANNA Titer & Neuronal Immunoblot |
| ARUP #: 0051222 |
| Methodology: Refer to individual components |
| Comments: |
| Test name: Neuronal Cell Antibodies, CSF |
| ARUP #: 0098726 |
| Methodology: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Comments: |
| Test name: Neuronal Cell Antibodies, Serum |
| ARUP #: 0099465 |
| Methodology: Enzyme Immunoassay |
| Comments: |
| Test name: Sulfate-3-Glucuronyl Paragloboside (SGPG) Antibody, IgM |
| ARUP #: 0051284 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Comments: Use as general screen for patients with neuropathy Aid in monitoring changes in antibody levels before, during, and after treatment May be clinically helpful in conjunction with other tests and clinical symptoms for evaluating treatment in patients with certain neurological disorders (eg, lower motor neuron syndrome, ALS, MS, other multifocal neuropathies, SLE with central nervous system involvement) |
| Test name: Myelin Associated Glycoprotein (MAG) Antibody, IgM |
| ARUP #: 0051285 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Comments: Aid in the diagnosis of neuropathy involving nerve demyelination Aid in evaluating patient for neurological disorders (eg, lower motor neuron syndrome, ALS, MS, other multifocal neuropathies, SLE with central nervous system involvement) Aid in monitoring changes in antibody levels before, during and after treatment |