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Enteroviral disease is a common, under-recognized childhood illness.
Tests generally appear in the order most useful for common clinical situations
| Test name: Enterovirus Detection by RT-PCR |
| ARUP #: 0050249 |
| Methodology: Qualitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Use: Rapid diagnostic test Use when enteroviral infection expected especially for CNS infections Standard of care for diagnosing viral infection from CSF specimen |
| Limitations: Negative result does not rule out PCR inhibitors or enterovirus nucleic acid in concentrations below level assay can detect |
| Test name: Viral Culture |
| ARUP #: 0065008 |
| Methodology: Cell Culture |
| Use: Requires 5-7 days |
| Limitations: RT-PCR method is standard of care for diagnosing viral infection from CSF specimen |
| Test name: Enterovirus Typing |
| ARUP #: 0065058 |
| Methodology: Immunofluorescence |
| Use: Identify enterovirus type from culture
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| Test name: Enterovirus Antibody Panel |
| ARUP #: 2003259 |
| Methodology: Serum Neutralization Assay/Complement Fixation |
| Use: Use to confirm disease occurrence Panel includes coxsackie A9 and B1-6 antibodies, echovirus antibodies, and poliovirus antibodies |
| Limitations: Presence of neutralizing antibodies against poliovirus implies immunity Serum neutralization test is serotype specific; antibodies against one type does not indicate immunity against other types |
| Test name: Echovirus Antibodies |
| ARUP #: 0060053 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Serum Neutralization Assay |
| Use: May be used to confirm disease occurrence if PCR or culture is not a viable option; includes echovirus 6, 7, 9, 11, 30 Mark specimens plainly as acute or convalescent |
| Test name: Poliovirus Antibodies |
| ARUP #: 0060054 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Serum Neutralization Assay |
| Use: May be used to confirm disease occurrence if PCR or culture is not a viable option; includes poliovirus 1-3 Mark specimens plainly as “acute” or “convalescent” |
| Limitations: Presence of neutralizing antibodies against poliovirus implies immunity Serum neutralization test is serotype specific; antibodies against one type does not indicate immunity against other types |
| Test name: Coxsackie B Virus Antibodies |
| ARUP #: 0060055 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Serum Neutralization Assay |
| Use: May be used to confirm disease occurrence if PCR or culture is not a viable option; includes coxsackievirus B1-B6 Mark specimens plainly as acute or convalescent |
| Test name: Coxsackie A9 Virus Antibodies by CF |
| ARUP #: 0050503 |
| Methodology: Semi-Quantitative Complement Fixation |
| Comments: May be used to confirm disease occurrence if PCR or culture is not a viable option |